Monday, 6 February 2006 - 1:45 PM

This presentation is part of: Crops--Row Crops

Agronomic and Economic Performance of BMP Cropping Systems.

Donald Boquet, LSU AgCenter Macon Ridge Research Station, 212A Macon Ridge Road, Winnsboro, LA 71295 and Kenneth Paxton, LSU AgCenter Department Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, 101 Ag. Administration Building., Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70343.

Extensive winter rainfall in the mid South leads to soil and nutrient loss from farmland that is not protected by vegetation. Best Management Practices (BMPs) of year-round cropping systems that include multi-crop systems, crop rotations, conservation tillage and cover crops protect water quality, and may also improve soil productivity and increase enterprise and farm income. Field experiments were conducted from 2001 through 2005 on Gigger silt loam to evaluate cropping systems for productivity and net returns. The objectives of the research were to: 1) Evaluate systems in which two crops are grown in one year or three crops are produced in two years, 2) Compare yields and returns from mono-crop cotton, corn, soybean and grain sorghum to systems of summer crops following wheat as a green manure, or wheat for grain, and 3-year sequences that include cotton, double-crop wheat and soybean, corn or grain sorghum. All systems were produced using no-till regimes. Rotation of corn + wheat + doublecrop cotton produced highest net returns among cropping systems of 546 dollars per ha. Doublecrop cotton + wheat produced returns of 514 dollars per ha and a crop sequence of cotton + doublecrop soybean + wheat produced returns of 447 dollars per ha, although doublecrop cotton and soybean yields were reduced 10 to 13 % compared with monocropping. No-till systems also benefited from having lower input costs for machinery, labor and fuel than tilled systems. With advances in cultivars and technology, it is now practical to grow year-round systems utilizing winter wheat followed with summer crops planted at near optimal dates in early May. These multiple-crop systems are effective BMPs because they provide year-round ground cover and reduce crop protection inputs to help protect surface water quality.

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