Augustine K. Obour, M. B. Adjei, M. L. Silveira, R. N. Gallaher, and J. E. Rechcigl. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, University of Florida, Soil and Water Science Department, Gainesville, FL 32611
Applying cattle manure (CM) based on the N content often leaves excess P in the soil because of the differences in the N:P ratio in manure and that required by the plant. We evaluated the effects of CM application strategies on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum L. Flugge) dry matter yield (DMY) and P leaching on a Florida Spodosol. The treatments were 200 and 400 kg N ha-1 from CM or 50/50 CM and ammonium nitrate (AN) combination, annually applied either in single or split dosage. Bahiagrass was clipped at 28-d intervals for DMY determination. Soil samples were taken from the Ap (0-15 cm), E (16-60 cm), and Bh horizons (61-120 cm) after each growing season to determine soil P status. At any given N rate, bahiagrass yield was greater for the CM+AN treatments compared to CM applied alone. Soil P concentration in the Ap horizon for the CM treatments were 64 and 54% greater than the CM+AN treatments in 2005 and 2006, respectively. No significant leaching of P into the E and Bh horizons occurred in 2005; however, P leached into the E horizon in 2006 with the CM treatments having greater P concentration compared to the CM+AN treatments. Soil P storage capacity which is an estimate of the capacity of a soil to retain additional P was exceeded in the Ap and E horizons over the study period. Combining CM+AN provided greater forage yield and may reduce P risk to surface and groundwater. Keyword: manure rates; nitrogen; ground water; Paspalum notatum