Soil physical properties can be used as an effective indicator of soil quality. Agricultural soil management practices, such as growing crops in rotation, can have major influences on soil physical properties. A long- term crop rotation experiment originally set up in 1969 was utilized to evaluate soil physical properties on a Hagerstown Silt Loam soil (Fine, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalf) in Rock Springs, Pennsylvania. Properties observed included bulk density, penetration resistance, steady-state infiltration rate, and aggregate stability. Agricultural managements observed included continuous corn, corn-soybean crop rotation (in the year of corn), four years of corn followed by four years of alfalfa crop rotation (in the first year of corn after alfalfa, and in the fourth year of corn after alfalfa), and the corn-oat-wheat-two years of red clover hay rotation (in the year of corn). All soils were conventionally tilled (moldboard plow followed by disk and Lely Roterra) prior to crop establishment. Fertilization was with inorganic fertilizers based on soil test recommendations. Soil physical properties of soils managed as continuous corn (no rotation) did not differ from soils managed under the corn-soybean crop rotation. After the perennial crops, improved soil physical quality was observed including lower bulk density, lower penetration resistance, and higher percentage of stable aggregates (no differences in steady-state infiltration rates were observed). The improved soil physical quality after perennial crops is attributed to decreased use of tillage and longer periods of root growth in soil per year. The research shows that rotating crops alone does not improve soil physical quality, but rather certain crops (in this case perennials) contribute to improved soil quality in a conventionally tilled system.