Wednesday, November 7, 2007
302-2

Management Dependent Soil Properties of Cultivated Versus Non-Cultivated SE Coastal Plain Ecosystems.

Matthew Levi1, Joey Shaw1, Wes Wood1, Sharon Hermann2, Emily Carter3, and Yucheng Feng1. (1) Auburn University, Agronomy and Soils Department, 202 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, (2) Auburn University Biological Sciences Department, 101 LIFE SCIENCES BLDG, Auburn University, AL 36849, (3) USDA-FS (Forest Service), USDA - Forest Service, 520 Devall Dr., Auburn, AL 36849

Management dependent properties describe dynamic soil quality; however, comparisons of disturbed to reference sites are not extensive in the SE due to scarcity of undisturbed land.  Objectives of this study were to evaluate land use and management effects on dynamic soil properties of southeastern soils and investigate carbon (C) stocks and soil quality of mature longleaf habitat relative to more intensively cultivated Coastal Plain ecosystems. Sites in Thomas County, GA, representing well-drained, upland soils, were selected in each of three management systems for comparison of near surface (0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm) soil chemical, physical, and biological properties.  Land management, included mature longleaf pine (Pinus palustrus Miller) habitat (LL), slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantation (PP), and conventional row crop systems (RC).  In LL, biomass C (0-5 cm) and total organic C were 69 and 138% >RC, respectively.  Anthropogenic inputs were evident in RC (0-30 cm) based on higher total organic N (31% >PP), Ca (102% >LL), K (100 and 433% >PP and LL), P (165 and 1700% >PP and LL), and BS (142% >LL).   Management increased bulk density (0-30 cm) and soil strength (0-50 cm) in cultivated sites relative to LL.  Infiltration rate in LL was 207 and 1015% higher than RC and PP, respectively, and saturated hydraulic conductivity was lowest in PP (5.72 cm hr -1).  Clustering of principle components explained separation of management systems.  More intensive cultivation decreased C and water movement, and increased nutrient levels and compaction of investigated soils relative to uncultivated sites.