The overall goal of this research was to parameterize a mathematical model for Miscanthus x giganteus based on the framework used in WIMOVAC (a highly mechanistic Windows-based model for plant and crop growth). Leaf photosynthesis, dry biomass partitioning and detailed aspects about canopy architecture were parameterized. For this purpose most of the available literature on M. x giganteus production was used. Model validation was conducted with data from European experiments and more extensively with data obtained from experiments currently being conducted in Illinois. Ultimately, this model provides with predictions of M. x giganteus dry biomass in a wide range of environmental conditions, such as different precipitation patterns, solar radiation, temperature, and soil type. The potential of M. x giganteus as a feedstock for cellulosic ethanol is discussed.