Tuesday, November 6, 2007
208-2

Growth Dynamics of Early Season Indeterminate Soybean in Three Irrigation Termination Dates.

Paul Francis, PO Box 3508, University of Arkansas, University of Arkansas, SEREC-UAM, Monticello, AR 71656, Phil Tacker, University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, 2301 S. Univ. Ave., Box 391, Little Rock, AR 72203, and Scott Hayes, University of Arkansas SE Branch Experiment Station, 140 Expt. Sta. Loop, P.O. Box 155, Rohwer, AR 71666.

Growers in the southern U.S.A are adopting the planting of indeterminate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars in early season production systems (ESPS). Understanding the growth dynamics of indeterminates in ESPS will aid producers in more timely and efficient management decisions. ‘Armor A47G7' and ‘Morsoy 3883' cultivars were grown in 0.48 m row width in 2006 on a MeGehee silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, thermic, Aeric Ochraqualfs) to investigate the nodal growth dynamics and yield at R6, R6+7 days, and R7 irrigation termination. Irrigation was scheduled using the University of Arkansas irrigation scheduler program and monitored with soil water tensiometers at 0.15-, 0.30-, 0.45- and 0.60 m depths. Plant disease and insect damage was minimal in 2006 due to unusually dry weather allowing yield and yield component expression in a relatively stress-free environment. Nodal yield and yield component, and plant stem, petiole and leaf dry matter were monitored weekly from R5 to R8 growth. Highest seed production occurred from nodes 6-13 for both cultivars and individual seed weight greatest from nodes 9-19. Seed dry matter gain was highest between R5.8 – R7 growth. Leaf to stem+petiole ratio declined between R6.5 and R7 growth but seed dry matter gain continued to increase, indicating significant C remobilization. Termination treatment did not significantly effect yields, but soil moisture supply seemed adequate based on tensiometer readings. The data emphasize the importance of continuing crop management between R6 and R7 growth due to the potential for increased seed weight gain.