Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) remains the most damaging soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in the United States. A major SCN resistance gene, rhg1, exists on linkage group G. This gene has been mapped in many sources including PI 88788 and PI 437654. There has also been resistance QTL mapped to linkage groups G and E in Glycine soja PI 468916. The purpose of this study was to compare these different SCN resistance sources for their effects on SCN reproduction in both field and greenhouse trails as well as to evaluate their effects on agronomic traits. Four different populations of near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed. Population J1 segregated for the resistance alleles from PI 468916, population J2 segregated for rhg1 from PI 88788, population J3 segregated for rhg1 from both PI 88788 and PI 437654, and population J4 segregated for rhg1 from PI 437654. These populations of NILs were tested using egg production estimates from field plots at three different locations and cyst development from plants grown in a thermo-regulated waterbath. In 2006, homozygous resistant plants in population J2 has higher yield than susceptible plants. The QTL on linkage group E from J1 had a significant effect on field reproduction in two locations. When J3 was evaluated with a HG 2.5.7 isolate in the greenhouse, the resistance from PI 88788 had lower reproduction than the PI 437654 resistance. The study appears to show the importance of SCN resistance Rhg4 when breeding for resistance with PI 437654.