Over
the past 50 years close to 100 hurricanes have impacted the Gulf Coast of the
United States. As we grabble with
understanding the pattern of impacts of these storms we seldom consider that
strong tropical storms (hurricanes and typhoons) affect three times more forest
area in the North Pacific as compared to the North Atlantic. In fact many
areas of the Old World experience many more storms per year than do the coastal
forests of the Gulf Coast. Along
the Gulf Cost coastal forests experience an average of 0.1 hurricanes per year,
but in Taiwan they are impacted by 7 times that number. Yet, more storms do not mean more
impacts, it is rather the reverse.
The more frequent and intense the hurricanes the fewer the trees that
get blown down and the shorter lived the impacts on stream
biogeochemistry. There appears to
be a direct relationship between storm frequency and intensity and ecosystem
resistance and resilience. More
intense storms means forests are less impacted and recover more quickly. A looming question for the Gulf Coast
is how increased storm intensity might impact these forests; will it increase
or decrease its resistance?
Similarly will the built environment follow the pattern of the natural
environment with increased resistance?
How long will this resistance take to develop?