Charles Mitchell, Auburn University, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412, Ted W. Tyson, Dep. of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Corley Building, Auburn University, AL 36849, H. Allen Torbert, USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Lab., 411 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL 36832, and Ted S. Kornecki, USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn University, AL 36849.
Transportation and storage of poultry broiler litter during the winter months is critical to implementing comprehensive nutrient/waste management plans in Alabama. The only currently acceptable best management practice for temporary storage is under 6-mil plastic for 180 days or less on an impervious surface. The objectives of this study were to: (1) Evaluate conventional and alternative methods of temporary field storage of poultry broiler litter on litter quality and nutrient runoff; (2) Demonstrate to local farmers the benefits of proper temporary winter storage; and (3) Encourage the transportation, storage, and use of litter in areas where litter has traditionally not been used. Separate studies were conduced in 2005 and 2006. In 2005, litter storage treatments were replicated using small piles (136 kg/pile) and all runoff was collected. In 2006, much larger piles were more representative of what producers would use(4.5 Mg/pile). Treatments included: (1) no litter, (2) litter covered with 6-mil polyethylene plastic, (3) litter covered with commercially available HayGardŽ fabric, (4) an uncovered pile, (5) an uncovered, cone-shaped pile, and (6) an uncovered pile treated with a synthetic polymer to prevent water infiltration. In both years, the uncovered piles absorbed rainfall but also dried out on the surface rather rapidly in the spring. They also resulted in much higher runoff of ammonium-N, both total and soluble P, and all other measured runoff parameters. Exposed litter rapidly decomposed due to the wetting and drying effect. All litter apparently lost some mass although this was observed and not measured. Dry broiler litter must be covered in order to protect litter quality and to prevent extensive nutrient runoff.