Jurg M. Blumenthal, William L. Rooney, and Brent Bean. Soil & Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, Mailstop 2474, College Station, TX 77843-2474
Over the last few years, increases in oil prices and concerns over the production of carbon dioxide from fossil fuels has resulted in an increased interest of energy and fuel from renewable sources. Our objective in this study were to evaluate the potential of sorghum for biomass production and for production of sugar containing plant juice that can be converted directly into ethanol. One irrigated and one dryland experiment were conducted at the Texas A&M Research farm in College Station, TX. In each experiment 11 forage sorghum hybrids, 3 photoperiod sensitive forage sorghum hybrids, 1 sudangrass hybrid, 2 sorghum/sudangrass hybrids, and 3 sweet sorghum varieties were planted in small plots (10' x 15'). Experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replicates. Weed control was Atrazine and 100 lb N / acre were applied preplant. Plots were planted mid April 2006. Plots were harvested in mid July for the principal crop and in late September for the ratoon crop. An additional 100 lb N / acre was applied after the harvest of the principal crop. Infestations of the regrowing sorghum with armyworms were controlled with two applications of Curacron. Irrigated plots received 3 furrow irrigations during the principal growth period and 3 irrigations during the ratoon growth period. At each harvest, biomass yield was determined, tissue samples for quality analyses taken, and extractable plant juices quantified by feeding whole plants through a press used to extract plant juice for sorghum syrup production. Juice samples were sent to the Lab of Dr. D. Wang at Kansas State University where they were analyzed for quality parameters and converted into ethanol.