A 3-yr research study was initiated in 2005 to examine the impact of landscape-scale soil variability on the response of field pea to inoculation on long-term pulse land. We used a transect research design to investigate spatial patterns of inoculant response and relate patterns of response to measured soil characteristics. Results indicate that N2 fixation was highly variable and response to inoculation was field specific and varied according to landscape position. Landscape controls on inoculant response are not well understood; however, data suggest that the greatest benefits may be captured in positions stressful to crop growth (e.g., eroded knolls, low nutrient status, unfavorable moisture regimes, etc.).