Drought is the major limiting factor for sorghum production in the semi-arid regions. Plants have evolved several mechanisms that enable them to cope with the limitations in their environment. One mechanism of resistance in plants is achieved by accumulation of compatible organic solutes, particularly glycine betaine. Glycine betaine is an essential osmoprotectant that confers enhanced drought tolerance through its physiological role as a plant osmoticum.To increase drought tolerance in sorghum, an alternative approach of exogenous application of glycine betaine has thus become available allowing for significant contribution to yield in stress environments. This study was carried out with the purpose of determining whether externally applied glycine betaine play an important role in influencing morpho-physiological attributes such as leaf area, leaf number, chlorophyll fluorescence, SPAD, gas-exchange, total lipid content and yields of sorghum under water stress conditions. Foliar and seed treatment effects of glycine betaine at 75 mM mitigated to some extent the adverse effects of drought during vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Foliar application of glycine betaine prior to flowering significantly increased photosynthetic rate as a result of increased stomatal conductance. Glycine betaine application either as foliar at vegetative stage or as pre-sowing seed treatment significantly increased leaf area as compared to the untreated stressed control. However, seed treatment resulted in lower peduncle length, stem dry weight, seed weight and seed set compared with foliar application at both stages. On the other hand, drought stress provoked considerable changes in total leaf lipid content. The beneficial effects of glycine betaine were also attributed to its role in maintaining the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids. This suggests that foliar sprays of glycine betaine increased the proportion of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids to 80% compared to untreated stressed plots (39%) during the vegetative stage.