The soil spatial heterogeneity makes detail soil mapping the very cumbersome procedure which requires laborious soil sampling and expensive laboratory analysis. The difficulties can be overcome by using field electrical geophysical methods to measure some auxiliary electrical parameter, such as electrical conductivity, potential or dielectric constant to estimate a vast spectrum of soil properties. The most convenient, versatile, and robust electrical parameter is soil electrical conductivity/resistivity, which can readily be measured with differently sized four-electrode probes. During over 30 years of research we have established relationships between electrical resistivity (ER) and soil genesis for all major soil types of Eurasia as well as the relationships between ER and various soil physical and chemical properties. The laboratory measurements of electrical parameters and electrophysical field mapping were conducted with handheld devices LANDMAPPER ERM-01 and ERM-03 that were specially developed in cooperation with Landviser (USA) and ASTRO GROUP (Russia).