Phosphorus and iron availability are limiting in calcareous soils, but nutrient application to the soil is ineffective because they are quickly immobilized.  Soil pH can be lowered by elemental sulfur (S) application improving nutrient availability, but this is not practical as a broadcast remedy.  Optimum placement of the S could lower pH improving nutrient availability in a small zone directly available to the plant roots.  In this study, S was applied using different application methods in the root zone of sugarcane, a crop that is ratooned for several cycles.  To the plant crop S was applied directly beneath the seed pieces at planting, to the 1st ratoon crop S was applied using a stool splitter, and to the 2nd ratoon crop S was applied sidedressed.  A linear increase in sugarcane yield due to S application was obtained in the plant crop at rates up to 1000 lbs S/ac.  In the 1st ratoon crop, yields were reduced and a much poorer response to S application was obtained, possibly due to injury to the sugarcane crop by the stoolsplitter applicaton method.  Effects of S application on soil pH were not detected after the first crop, but were observed following the second crop.  If the sulfur application can be concentrated in a small area directly accessible to the crop roots, improvements in nutrient availability to the plant and resulting yields can result.