Summary: With the principle of water balance, quantitative models on the main line of impacts of land use and vegetation variation to groundwater is set up, and the forecast on land and water resources variation is given under the present model of land use and water resources that are developing. The simulated models of two-dimensional groundwater flow in the watersheds have been developed based on the water budget in a watershed and by regarding the effects of vegetation change/ land use on groundwater as the source/sink factors. With definite conceptions, the model has simple form and applies easily-acquired data. Taking the Sangonghe River Basin of Xinjiang as a example, the mode of land and water resources exploiting with the core aim of controlling vertical water consumption within oasis arid groundwater exploitation rationally and giving both considerations to eco-environmental benefit and socio-economical benefit is presented based on taking the influence of vegetation variation as source and concentrating item to process and the analyzed results of the impact of vegetation variation to temporal and spatial variation of groundwater. The spatial data of the groundwater level are simulated by combining GIS with FEFLOW software which is professionally used for calculating groundwater flow. The results show that the groundwater level still maintains a draw down in the upper part of the marginal zone of fans but in a continuous increase trend in the alluvial-diluvial plains, which result in a degeneration of the vegetation on the upper part of the marginal zone of fans and a further soil salinization in the alluvial-diluvial plains.

Key Words: land use; vegetation change; groundwater; numerical simulation