Wednesday, November 7, 2007
271-1

Teff (Eragrostis tef) Yield and Quality as Influenced by Irrigation and Nitrogen.

O. Steven Norberg1, Richard Roseberg2, Clinton Shock3, Erik Feibert3, Lamont Saunders3, Eric Eldredge3, Brian Charlton4, and Jim Smith5. (1) Oregon State University, Malheur County Extension Office, 710 SW 5th Avenue, Ontario, OR 97914, (2) 6941 Washburn Way, Oregon State University, Oregon State University, Crop & Soil Science Dept., Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath Falls, OR 97603, (3) Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Avenue, Ontario, OR 97914, (4) Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University Extension Service, Klamath Basin Research and Extension Center, 3328 Vandenberg Road, Klamath Falls, OR 97603, (5) Oregon State University, Klamath Experiment Station, 6941 Washburn Way, Klamath Falls, OR 97603

Teff is a warm season annual grass. Typical maturity for grain varies from 93 to 130 days. Grain color ranges from pale white to ivory white, very light tan to deep brown to reddish-brown purple. Teff seed is very small with l000-seed weight averaging 0.3–0.4 g.

Teff water use efficiency is unknown and nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency for forage production is unknown, and little is know on hay quality, yet knowledge of these factors is indispensable for positive economic outcomes for growers for hay production.

Teff experiments were planted as a randomized complete block design in Klamath Falls, Medford and Ontario, Oregon. The plots were irrigated with a line source sprinkler and nitrogen treatments of 0, 90 and 179 kg ha-1.

Teff grew well and produced good yields and quality at all three locations that represent different climate types in Oregon. The yield and quality responses were consistant across locations. The lowest rate of irrigation and adding no fertilizer N clearly reduced yields. However, the highest rate of irrigation and N fertilizer often did not improve yield or quality compared to a moderate rate of both N and irrigation. Seasonal totals of about 90 kg ha-1 N and irrigation of approx. 0.6 x Kimberly-Penman Et gave optimum yields and good quality.

In general, as the irrigation rate increased, quality (as measured by crude protein, ADF, NDF, TDN, RFV and RFQ) decreased.

Teff produced hay up to 11.2 Mg ha-1 with a relative feed quality around 100-120, which is equivalent or better than the quality of full bloom alfalfa hay.