Tuesday, November 6, 2007
200-3

Nutrient Transformation and Gas Flux along the Eroded Coastline, Arctic Alaska.

Lorene Lynn, School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 535 E. Fireweed Ave., Palmer, AK 99645

The nutrient cycling and gas flux of coastal tundra in Arctic Alaska are governed by several factors: low mean summer temperature (around 5°C), soil moisture at or near saturation, and soil type. These factors constrict the vegetation type, the rate of decomposition, and the release and transformation of gases and macro nutrients across the air-land and land-water boundaries. The Beaufort Sea Coast is subject to increasing rates of erosion due to increasing storm frequency and intensity as the polar ice sheet diminishes in size and seasonal duration. Erosion events cause large masses of tundra soil and permafrost, up 24 cubic meters, to fall into the sea, exposing fresh faces of frozen soil and ice, which slowly thaw into the Arctic Ocean. The shift from a saturated soil to an aerated one can cause significant changes in nutrient and element cycling. Ten transects, one hundred meters long each and extending inland perpendicular to the coastline, were established in three locations along the Arctic coast. Soil samples were collected at five points to the maximum thaw depth (36 cm) on each transect, and permafrost cores were collected to a maximum depth of 2 meters from the soil surface. Total C and OM were measured in all samples to determine changes in carbon status due to aeration and increased decomposition. In the permafrost cores, total C, total OM, DOC, and CH4 and CO2 gas release were measured. This data, paired with measurements in soil moisture, field water table, bulk density, soil textures, pH and electrical conductivity, will be used to explain the transformation of carbon and other nutrients as the result of coastal erosion.