Monday, November 5, 2007
106-12

Pedogenesis of Vesicular Horizons in Disturbed and Undisturbed Soils.

Maureen Yonovitz, University of Nevada, University of Nevada - Las Vegas, 1991 Sunset Bend Dr., Henderson, NV 89014 and Patrick Drohan, Hartwick Col., Hartwick College/Pine Institute science, 111 Arnold Halle, Oneonta, NY 13820-4020.

Increasing desertification and anthropogenic soil disturbance is of growing concern to restoration ecologists in the Southwestern United States; the ultimate effect of human disturbance vs. natural change on these horizons is still uncertain. The objective of this study was to compare the morphology of vesicular horizons in disturbed vs. undisturbed soils, the extent of vesicle re-formation, and the differences in pore morphology. We also strove to quantify physical and chemical characteristics that may have an effect on vesicle development. While fragile, vesicular horizons stabilize arid land surfaces and play an important role in soil water and nutrient movement. The soil that makes up the vesicular horizon is fine grained windblown material that could be potentially destructive if disturbed, causing dust particles to be emitted into the air creating both health and environmental problems. We hypothesized that the re-formation of vesicular horizon porosity in disturbed and undisturbed soils is affected by their original physical and chemical characteristics. Soil samples from areas of disturbed and undisturbed locations were sampled and analyzed for particle size, calcium carbonate content, mineralogy (XRD) and pore micromorphology (SEM) in attempt to analyze compositional and morphological differences between disturbed and undisturbed conditions. Results indicate little significant difference in chemistry and particle size between disturbed and undisturbed samples. There was no significant difference in pore morphology between disturbed and undisturbed samples, which has important implications for soil function and suggests that the vesicular horizon may quickly recover following disturbance. The resiliency of the vesicular horizon and rapid pore reformation in the laboratory as seen in past studies is confirmed for the first time in field samples from this study.