Monday, November 5, 2007 - 4:45 PM
121-13

Antibiotic Degradation during Manure Composting.

Holly Dolliver, University of Minnesota, U.of MN/439 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, Satish Gupta, Soil, Water, & Climate, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, and Sally Noll, Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 1364 Eckles Av., St. Paul, MN 55108.

Since their discovery, antibiotics have been instrumental in treating infectious diseases that were previously known to kill humans and animals. However, their widespread use as feed additives in food animal production has raised concerns about antibiotics appearing in the food supply and environment as a result of land-application of manure containing antibiotics. The objective of this study was to assess antibiotic degradation during turkey manure composting. Feed-grade chlortetracycline, monensin, sulfamethazine, and tylosin were mixed into turkey manure at concentrations of approximately 1 mg/kg. The study evaluated three composting treatments: low-management pile, high management pile, and vessel composting. In the high management composting pile, manure was watered and mixed weekly to facilitate microbial activity, whereas in the low management composting there was no watering or mixing after the initial set-up. The vessel composting treatment relied on vessel structure and rotation to maintain optimum temperature, aeration, and moisture conditions. Vessel composting occurred for 8 days followed by 14 days of curing. Low and high management piles were composted for 35 days. Average temperature was 54, 61, and 64 C for the low management pile, high management pile, and vessel composting treatments, respectively. Moisture content ranged from 33-45%. More than 90% of chlortetracycline was degraded in all composting treatments; however degradation of monensin and tylosin was lower. There was no change in sulfamethazine concentrations for any of the composting treatments. In this presentation, we will discuss the differences in antibiotic degradation for the three composting treatments.