Arron Carter, Jennifer Hansen, Thom Koehler, and Robert Zemetra. University of Idaho, PSES Dept., PO Box 442339, Moscow, ID 83844-2339
Winter wheat is a major crop grown in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Due to the presence of similar biochemical pathways, grass weed species such as jointed goat-grass, downy brome, annual ryegrass, and others are difficult to control in wheat using herbicides. The presence of grass weeds decreases both the yield and quality of the wheat due to competition and dockage. These decreases result in an economic loss for the producer. Development of Imazamox resistant wheat cultivars has made it possible to control grass weed species in wheat. Previous work has shown excellent weed control with minimal crop injury. This resistance trait was bred into three soft white winter wheats adapted to the PNW. Seven BC3S1 lines, which were screened at a 2X spray rate and showed good resistance to Imazamox, were selected for large-scale evaluation. The BC3S2 generations of these were grown in two locations during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 growing seasons. Plots were planted in the fall and sprayed in the spring with a 1X and 2X spray rate at both early (tillering) and late (21 days after tillering) time periods. The seed from the 03-04 plots was used to plant the 04-05 plots. Plants were evaluated for injury and variation in agronomic traits due to herbicide application. In 2004 it was found that, on average, yield was decreased as the application rate increased. This yield decrease varied between locations and entries. Analysis was performed to determine which entry best tolerated the herbicide application and could be selected for release.
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