Kamal Mahmoud1, Peter Nkedi-Kizza1, Kelly Morgan2, Jerry B. Sartain3, and Eric H. Simonne4. (1) University Of Florida, 2686 State Road North, Immokalee, FL 34142, (2) 2686 Sr 29n, University of Florida, University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL 34142-9515, (3) Univ. of Florida, 414 Newell Hall PO box 110510, Gainesville, FL 32611, (4) Horticultural Science Department, University of Florida, 1241 Fifield Hall/PO Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611
Water movement is the major process affecting solute transport in the soil profile under Florida sandy soils conditions. Therefore, understanding the impact of current irrigation and N fertilization practices on leaching of water and nutrients below the crop root zone, and on crop yield is important for developing best management practices (BMPs). A field study was conducted at North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, to investigate the effect of irrigation and N- fertilizer rates on plant growth, yield, and movement of water, N-forms, potassium, and bromide in the soil profile. Bell pepper was grown on sandy soil using plastic mulched beds during spring 2002. The treatments included three irrigation rates 66%, 100%, and 133 % of crop evapotranspiration (ET) and two N rates 100% and 125% of University of Florida recommendations. Plots were arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replicates. Br a tracer for water and nitrate-N was simultaneously applied with the fertilizers in all plots. The main objective of the study was to determine the irrigation and N rate BMPs that would give optimum crop yield and yet reduce leaching of water and nutrients below the root-zone. Data showed that Br was detected below the root zone within 24 hours after application regardless of irrigation rate. During the growing season, NO3-N, NH4-N and K all leached below the root zone in all treatments. Data also showed that there was no significant effect of irrigation rate on crop yield. However, N application rate had a significant effect on yield. Based on this study, the best management practice which minimizing nutrient leaching while would maximize yield would be a combination of 66% seasonal total crop ET and 100% of currently recommended seasonal N rate.