Residual ordnance compounds may exist on artillery training areas after low-order detonations. Particles of Composition-B (Comp-B) explosives distributed on an impact area could potentially be a source of RDX, TNT, HMX and their degradation products in various migration pathways such as leaching and surface runoff. The occurrence of incidental or managed burning of vegetation on training lands theoretically could mitigate potential adverse impacts of residual Comp-B explosive in the environment. This study evaluated the effects of fire on the fate of surface-distributed particulate Comp–B explosive. Tests conducted in a wind tunnel evaluated the ability of particulate Comp-B to thermally degrade during burning of dry or dormant plant ecosystems. Test plots were constructed using 3 soil types collected from field sites and were seeded with little bluestem. After one growing season a wind tunnel was placed over the dormant vegetation and pre-weighed 1 to 2-g particles of Comp-B explosive were placed on the soil surface within the vegetated plot and the dry vegetation was then ignited and burned under two vegetation moisture/wind speed conditions. Loss of Comp-B particles was determined both by weight loss of recovered particles and chemical analysis of surface soil. Soil surface temperatures were measured at the soil surface and generally peaked at less than 176 deg C. Most Comp-B particles were easily ignited in the wind tunnel burns and where complete ignition of particles occurred, chemical analysis confirmed residual Comp-B parent and degradation compounds were less than 3% of original mass. Results proved theoretical assumptions that Comp-B particles could be thermally destroyed by incidental or managed burning of training land vegetation, thus decreasing potential migration of explosive compounds and increasing ecological quality of floristic habitat.